How to set the fuel level in the float chamber of a Solex carburetor (2108, 21081, 21083 and their modifications)

Signs of a Solex carburetor malfunction

Before adjusting the carburetor on a VAZ 2109, you need to familiarize yourself with the associated faults so as not to repair the unit just like that.

So, the reason after which the VAZ 2109 carburetor is adjusted is considered:

• Fuel mixture too rich. Experienced auto mechanics know that for an ideal ratio of fuel and air, a value of 1 to 15 is required. This means that for the combustion of 1 kg of fuel, 15 kg of air are needed. If the mixture is called rich, it means that the fuel level is higher than the nominal level.
  

  Symptoms: the engine is difficult to start, black smoke from the exhaust pipe, spark plugs with black soot and lumbago in the exhaust system. The fuel supply system quickly becomes clogged.

• The air/fuel mixture is too lean. A lean mixture means that too little fuel is supplied. Because of this, the car loses dynamics and increases the amount of fuel supplied. In some cases, gasoline savings are observed, but spark plugs fail faster. A lean mixture is accompanied by an increase in engine idle speed.

The following signs can be called a consequence of the previous ones and this is:

• Unstable idle speed;
• Increased fuel consumption;
• Deterioration of starting properties;
• Reduced engine response.

The operating principle of the carburetor and fuel supply system forces car owners to perform such a procedure as adjusting the VAZ 2109 carburetor at least once every six months. The mechanism on a car with a carb needs to be lubricated once a month, unlike a car with injection, which has injectors. Everything is extremely easy to adjust.

Quality screw removal method

With Solex carburetors, the XX channel in the body itself often becomes clogged, and in order to clear it thoroughly, it is necessary to remove the quality screw. But this screw, as mentioned above, has a very tight fit and is not easy to get out. There are several methods for dismantling a part; we will consider only one option.

We take a piece of an old antenna from any radio receiver, select the outer diameter so that the tube fits into the channel of the carburetor body, usually the outer thickness of the “puller” is about 4 mm. We cut off a small piece, make a cut at one end (about 1 cm deep), use another quality screw (a spare one, or you can buy it specially in a store), and check how tightly the tube fits onto the head of the screw.

Now you can unscrew the screw and use a homemade puller to remove it from the KU body.

On all cars of the “ninth” family, the engines were equipped with domestically produced Solex carburetors. The only exceptions are later modifications, on which the manufacturer installed injection power units. Although far from being the most technically advanced vehicle, the Nine is still popular among car enthusiasts. This is largely due to the car’s maintainability and the relatively low cost of spare parts. In addition, a significant part of the restoration and adjustment work can be carried out by the owner himself, including adjusting the VAZ-2109 and 21099 carburetor, tuning it and cleaning it.

This article will consider only those operations that every car enthusiast can perform with his own hands. Don’t be intimidated by the large number of manipulations - follow the instructions, be careful, and setting up the VAZ carburetor will go no worse than in a service station. This way you can save time and reduce machine maintenance costs.

You can clean and adjust the carburetor for the VAZ nine yourself, in the garage

Reasons for failure of the VAZ 2109 carburetor

The Solex carburetor is a very sensitive device, which contains a large number of small channels. When a huge amount of low-quality fuel passes through them, you may encounter the fact that they become clogged with impurities and stop functioning.

The first thing that may immediately become noticeable is a decrease in idle speed. In the future, the car does not start well and needs carburetor adjustment.

This procedure is divided into several stages:

1. Removing the unit
2. Disassembly and cleaning
3. Assembly and installation
4. Carb idle adjustment

Removing, disassembling and cleaning the carburetor VAZ 2109

If all of the above symptoms are detected, you can begin to remove and disassemble the carburetor. On a VAZ 2109, repairing a Solex carburetor is possible using a repair kit. It is recommended to purchase a repair kit in advance to immediately replace all gaskets, jets and valves. The table contains data on jets and all necessary valves. The machine must be stationary. When sorting out the parts, the most important thing is not to lose anything.

To remove and configure the device, you need to open the hood and disconnect all the hoses from it. They are mounted on clamps, so it is recommended to stock up on a screwdriver in advance. The next stage is the cable for driving the gas pedal and air damper. Both elements can be removed quite easily. After this, remove the chip from the idle speed economizer. Dismantling is carried out extremely carefully so as not to damage the contacts. Taking everything apart is even easier.

Recommended flow rates of pneumatic economizer jets for various operating conditions

You can now remove the four housing nuts that hold the carburetor to the intake manifold. If it is difficult to remove, you can pry it out with a thick screwdriver. Clog the manifold with a rag to prevent foreign particles from getting inside and clean the seating area of ​​any remnants of the old carburetor gasket.

The carburetor itself consists of several elements:

• Top cover
• Bottom cover and float chamber
• Throttle valve block

First of all, the top cover is removed. At the same time, the condition of the needle valve and the condition of the float are checked. The valve should move without jamming and also easily return to its original position. You can immediately check the operation of the accelerator pump drive. All connections should turn easily. The operating principle of many mechanisms is very simple, and they must stand level. It is configured after assembly.

Now you need to separate the throttle body from the bottom cover. Everything is held in place with bolts, so a screwdriver will suffice. Once all components are completely disassembled, they need to be treated with throttle body cleaner or regular gasoline. Parts should be wiped with dry rags.

The jets deserve special attention. They need to not only be cleaned, but also blown out. The thing is that the jets have very thin channels that are easily clogged with foreign particles. Even one speck is enough to disable the entire unit. Disassembling and reassembling the carburetor is half the battle. Now you need to carefully install and configure everything. The hoses are connected without sealant.

If you have any questions, watch the video:

What to do if the carburetor of a VAZ 2109 is clogged

Increased fuel consumption - eliminating this problem on the VAZ 2109

Installation and assembly of the VAZ 2109 carburetor

After cleaning all the elements, you can assemble it. Check the clearances in the throttle valve block in advance and set them to the nominal values. For each type of unit, you can find all calibration data in reference books. Instead of old gaskets, it is recommended to immediately install new ones to avoid repeated disassembly after two weeks of operation. Installation of parts is done carefully.

Replace the needle valve if necessary. A faulty valve can negatively affect fuel consumption, as it backs up and allows a huge amount of gasoline to pass through the channel cross-section.

It is recommended to lubricate the damper drives, levers and rods with Seledol or Litol 24. It is not recommended to use this lubricant in an environment that comes into contact with gasoline. The grease is suitable only for external parts, such as the plastic joints for the carburetor rods. They may not stand.

The top cover is installed last and only after adjusting the level in the float chamber.

Design features of the Solex carburetor

In addition to the VAZ-2109, Solex carburetors are installed on VAZ-2108 and VAZ-21099 cars. Accordingly, the adjustment of the device on the specified machine models is carried out in the same way. Let's briefly look at the structure of the unit.

The main elements of the Solex carburetor:

• housing (performs the functions of fastening all elements of the carburetor. Fuel and air from the idle system are supplied directly to the housing. The formation of a combustible mixture also occurs there);
• pipes for various purposes (fuel supply, vacuum to the vacuum regulator, etc.);
• throttle valves of the first and second chambers with drives and levers;
• jets and valves;
• fuel filter;
• adjusting screws;
• diaphragms;
• sprayers.

The operating principle of Solex is no different from other similar devices.

This type of carburetor is similar to many VAZ models

Do-it-yourself carburetor float chamber level adjustment

Diagram of the float chamber with installation parameters: 1 - float; 2 - tongue; 3 - gasket; 4 - cover.

The level in the float chamber is necessary for smooth operation of the carburetor. A level that is too high will increase the fuel supply, while an insufficient level will reduce the throttle response of a carburetor engine, since the level will not be able to rise in time.

To adjust the level in the chamber, you need to turn the top cover over and bend the float as far as the antennae allow. The distance between the bottom corner and the cover should be 20 mm. If not, bend the tabs and install the top cover. This do-it-yourself adjustment of the VAZ 2109 carburetor is considered nominal. The principle of action here is simple.

Adjusting the choke or trigger

Install the carb, but do not install the air filter. Pull the choke out completely and close the valve. In this position, you need to adjust the air damper cable.

Try pulling out and removing the choke several times. The damper should open and close completely without jamming. If everything is done correctly, you can install the air filter in place, connect all the hoses and carburetor drives. It's time to start adjusting the idle speed of the VAZ 2109. Don't forget about connecting the EPHH.

Adjusting the starter

The starting device can be adjusted when removed. Before adjustment, it is necessary to check the condition of the diaphragm. The part often fails, so it must be replaced with a new one immediately after detecting deformations. Setting up the starter occurs in five stages:

1. Closing the air damper. To do this, you need to turn the drive lever.
2. Changing the location of the rod. Using a screwdriver or other object, the starter rod is retracted while adjustment work is carried out.
3. Measuring gaps. After the rod is recessed, the valve opens slightly. You need to measure the distance between the damper and the chamber wall. The indicators are checked against the parameters declared by the manufacturer and, if necessary, adjustments are made.
4. Setting up the trigger mechanism. If a discrepancy between the gap sizes is detected, adjustments are made. To do this, turn the screw using a screwdriver. When the screw is unscrewed, the gap increases, and when screwed in, it decreases.
5. Throttle chamber clearance measurement. The air damper must be tightly closed. The gap dimensions are indicated in the manual, which simplifies the process of adjusting the position of the throttle chamber. Adjustment is also done using hardware.

How to set up the carburetor correctly on a VAZ 2109?

The nominal speed of the VAZ 2109 engine should correspond to 750-800 rpm. Adjusting the XX carburetor is necessary to economically maintain engine operation while parked and to warm up as quickly as possible before driving. Without this, the device will not work. Table from those. carburetor characteristics does not have such data. This must be done according to the following instructions, which contain the XX norm. The results and adjustment scheme are stable speeds.

This procedure is carried out if there are problems with the engine or once every six months in accordance with the regulations on technical maintenance of the VAZ 2109. You only need to spend 3-4 minutes on it. The engine warms up to operating temperature using choke or using the accelerator pedal. Next, remove the choke and fully tighten the quality screw. Most likely, the engine will stall. Now the screw is unscrewed exactly three turns and the engine starts again.

Using the quantity adjusting screw, the speed is set to 650-700 rpm. Now turn the quality screw until you get the highest possible idle speed. Again we set the number of revolutions equal to the nominal one. Now we need to rotate the quality again until we get maximum speed. You can regulate this way for a long time.

Now turn the quantity up to 800 rpm. This adjustment is considered correct. If this was not achieved the first time, you need to repeat the procedure again. It is worth recalling that the entire procedure is performed with the headlights on low beam and the stove operating at maximum mode. This is due to the fact that when the voltage drops, the speed drops, so when using these consumers, the speed should be nominal, and when turned off it should increase slightly.

The quality and quantity screw on the carburetor of the Lada 2109 car is located at the rear of the unit. In this regard, adjustment becomes more complicated. Although, it becomes more difficult to regulate, but not as often as on a Zhiguli.

Excellent video on fine-tuning the Solex carburetor on a VAZ 2109

What to do if there is no idle speed on the carburetor nine

Sequence of actions when adjusting

First, adjust the throttle valve:

1. Check the cable tension, there may be two options - excessive tension or insufficient;
2. Using a 13 key, adjust the cable tension;
3. Check: when the gas pedal is depressed, the throttle should be fully open, and when the pedal is released, it should be closed;
4. Using a 13mm wrench, adjust the position of the locknut so that the result is optimal.

Next comes the turn of the air damper:

1. You need to remove the cover from the air filter;
2. Replace the filter if necessary;
3. Check: if the choke handle is recessed completely, then the damper should be under the dashboard and be completely open;
4. Turn the damper lever until it is fully open;
5. Press the lever all the way down;
6. Remove the cable from the insulation and press the traction adjustment bolt;
7. Check the damper again;
8. If necessary, gradually advance the cable sheath, tighten the fastening bolt;
9. If the desired result is achieved, tighten the bolt to the lever and close the filter cover.

The next step is the starting device. It can be adjusted without removing the carburetor and with removal. If it is not possible to remove the carburetor, you need a tachometer. Remove the air filter housing and remove the choke lever completely. The lever is located under the dashboard in the cabin. Start the engine and watch what happens.

Open the air vent a third of the way using a flathead screwdriver. Using a 7 key, unscrew the adjustment bolt until you reach a reading of 3100-3400 rpm on the tachometer. After achieving the result, lower the damper.

Next, adjust the carburetor idle speed:

1. Charge the battery;
2. Warm up the engine to operating temperature;
3. Turn on the headlights, audio system and other elements that consume electrical energy;
4. Achieve maximum idle speed;
5. Rotating the quality screw, reduce the speed by 50-150.

Remember that if the carburetor is regularly cleaned and adjusted, it will work for a long time, repairs and replacements will not be required, and it will also reduce fuel consumption.